This first volume in a multi-volume series considers the gains in information and knowledge that have resulted from preoperative and postoperative 3D imaging using new radiologic protocols in maxillofacial surgery, with the corresponding consequences for the surgeon. It contrasts the established standard techniques of orthognathic oral and maxillofacial surgery with new considerations and insights based on years of experience and analysis of clinical activity in this subspecialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The book is deliberately structured so that the clinical situation is juxtaposed with a graphic representation for better understanding, which is intended to point out special situations that can in turn positively influence the surgical planning and execution of the procedure in order to avoid undesirable results in individual cases. Graphic representations illustrate the three-dimensionality of the complex splitting technique of the mandible where text or radiographs are insufficient. A corresponding book that combines clinical anatomical situations with pre- and postoperative preparation and clear explanation does not yet exist. It is aimed at a wide readership of students and professionals in oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, plastic and craniofacial surgery, and otolaryngology.